If there is an 8-inch ductile iron pipe with a 45% bend and water pressure of 100 psi, what is the thrust?

To determine the thrust exerted on an 8-inch ductile iron pipe with a 45% bend under a water pressure of 100 psi, it is essential to understand how thrust is calculated in such a scenario. Thrust in a piping system typically arises from changes in direction of the fluid flow, such as from bends in the pipe.

The calculation of thrust from a bend involves the following formula:

[ \text{Thrust} = P \times A ]

Where:

• ( P ) is the pressure in psi (in this case, 100 psi),

• ( A ) is the cross-sectional area of the pipe in square inches.

First, the cross-sectional area ( A ) for an 8-inch diameter pipe can be calculated using the formula:

[ A = \frac{\pi \times d^2}{4} ]

Substituting the diameter of the pipe:

[ A = \frac{\pi \times (8)^2}{4} = \frac{\pi \times 64}{4} = 16\pi , \text{in}^2 ]

Next, when substituting the area back into the thrust formula along with the given pressure:

[ \text{Th