Why is erosion control important in highway construction?

Erosion control is essential in highway construction primarily because it helps prevent sediment runoff that can pollute waterways. When construction activities disturb the soil, especially in areas with slopes or near bodies of water, rain and wind can wash away loose soil, carrying it into nearby streams, rivers, and lakes. This sediment runoff can lead to several environmental issues, including the degradation of water quality, which affects aquatic habitats, increases turbidity, and can harm fish and other wildlife. Additionally, sediment can smother aquatic plants and disrupt the natural ecosystems present in and around water bodies. Therefore, implementing erosion control measures, such as silt fences, sediment basins, and other best management practices, is crucial to protecting water quality and maintaining the ecological balance during highway construction projects.